What are the causes of infertility?

Infertility, as the word itself means, is the inability to conceive within a year despite regular, unprotected sexual intercourse. Approximately 50% of couples experiencing infertility have a male factor. Let's examine the causes of male infertility:

• Lack of sperm production (azoospermia)

• Decrease in the quality or number of sperm produced

• Inability to expel sperm (azoospermia - obstructive)

If we examine these causes individually, they may include diseases that impair sperm quality, such as varicoceles, genetics (familial or acquired genetic problems), hormonal conditions (problems with reproductive hormones such as FSH, LH, and testosterone), and obstruction of the sperm ducts (obstructive azoospermia). All of these parameters must be investigated to ensure an accurate diagnosis before initiating infertility treatment. Many hormonal causes can be addressed with medication, varicoceles can be corrected through surgery, and fertility can be achieved in patients with genetic problems through certain procedures.